Static Linking

From: Subject: Static Linking Date: Mon, 8 Apr 2002 10:20:25 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0000_01C1DEE6.FFBD87A0"; type="text/html" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2600.0000 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C1DEE6.FFBD87A0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~thomas/X/static-linking.html Static Linking

Static Linking X11R6.3

Wiscinfo

CS=20 Home

CSL

The X11R6.3 environment in the CS department includes a facility for = building=20 statically linked applications. The advantage of doing this is that = applications=20 built in this way do not depend on the presence of dynamic X libraries = to run.=20 The down side is that statically linked applications are generally much = larger=20 than dynamically linked applications.

All the standard X libraries have been built as both archives and = dynamic=20 libraries. There is also imake support for both vendor compilers and = gcc.

Linking by hand with the archives

The following examples all = show a=20 hypothetical application foo, linked with static versions of = the=20 X11 and Xext libraries and dynamic versions of=20 Xt and SM (the system libraries c,=20 socket, nsl, etc. are always linked dynamically. = Also, if=20 you link all the X libraries statically, you don't need to include the = -R path).=20

cc/Solaris - surround the libraries you wish to = link=20 statically with -B static and -B dynamic (in = that=20 order). For example:
```
% cc -o foo foo.o bar.o -L/s/X11R6.3-1/lib =
-R/s/X11R6.3-1/lib \
-B static -lX11 -lXext -B dynamic -lXt -lSM -lsocket -lnsl
```

cc/osf - surround the libraries you wish to link=20 statically with -non-shared and -lc_r (in that = order).

% cc -o foo foo.o bar.o -L/s/X11R6.3-1/lib  =
-R/s/X11R6.3-1/lib \
-non-shared -lX11 -lXext -lc_r -lXt -lSM -lsocket -lnsl

gcc - surround the libraries you wish to link = statically=20 with -static and -dynamic (in that order). For = example:

% gcc -o foo foo.o bar.o -L/s/X11R6.3-1/lib =
-R/s/X11R6.3-1/lib \
-static -lX11 -lXext -dynamic -lXt -lSM -lsocket -lnsl

Building with an Imakefile

The macros used below are=20 not part of the standard X11R6.3 distribution. They are = local=20 hacks only, and will be no-ops at any other site. If you want the = additional=20 Imakefile code to define the $(LDSTATICFLAGS) and=20 $(LDDYNAMICFLAGS) macros, check out the site= .def=20 code that defines them.

When defining LOCAL_LIBRARIES, surround the libraries you = want=20 linked dynamically with the macros $(LDSTATICFLAGS) and=20 $(LDDYNAMICFLAGS), as in:

LOCAL_LIBRARIES =3D =
$(LDSTATICFLAGS) $(XMULIB) $(XTOOLLIB) $(XLIB) \
$(XAUTHLIB) $(XDMCPLIB) $(RPCLIB) $(UWLIBS) $(LDDYNAMICFLAGS) =
$(DLLIBRARY)

Then=20 reference $(LOCAL_LIBRARIES) in the = ComplexProgramTarget_1=20 as usual (the reference is implied in NormalProgramTarget. = imake will=20 generate the correct linker flags based on your machine architecture and = compiler.

An example use of this method can ba found in /afs/cs.wisc.edu/s/X11R6.3-1/src/xc/programs/xdm/Imakefile,=20 (our local xdm Imakefile), which builds a statically linked xdm for our=20 department.

site.def code

This is the scrap from our site.def file that = defines=20 the Imakefile macros.

# if HasGcc2
#  define StaticLinkFlags -static
#  define DynamicLinkFlags  -dynamic
# else /* Using vendor compilers - gross!) */
#  if defined (SVR4Architecture) && defined (SunArchitecture)
#   define StaticLinkFlags -B static
#   define DynamicLinkFlags  -B dynamic
#  endif /* Sun SVR4 */
#  if defined (AlphaArchitecture)
#   define StaticLinkFlags -non_shared
#   define DynamicLinkFlags -lc_r
#  endif /* Alpha */
# endif /* HasGcc2 else */

Last modified: Wed Mar 12 13:58:01 CST 1997=20

http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~thomas=20

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